Explain how the aging process impacts learning.

The final assignment will focus on Learning in Adulthood theory and on life situations as well as application within one’s own institution (case analysis). Using the APA style guide, develop a 6-10, not including the title or references page. The final paper is based on reading and research from the course. Course textbook: Merriam, S., B. & Baumgartner, L., M. (2020). Learning in Adulthood: A Comprehensive Guide. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 10 or more sources. Respond to the following themes in final paper: 1. Explain how the aging process impacts learning. 2. Address how a leader can use andragogy to advance institutional effectiveness. 3. Using the information from the course, analyze one’s own institution (case analysis). How is adult learning being approached at Weber State UNiversity in Ogden, Utah. Is it aligned to Knowles’s Six Adult Learning Assumptions? Explain. 4. Compare and contrast the application of traditional pedagogy and andragogy in your specialty/emphasis area. 5. Include connections to structured learning experiences. Scholarly Article Suggestions for a Ph.D. Literature Review Impact of Aging on Learning Processes in Adults 1. Cognitive Changes Associated with Aging Park, D. C., & Reuter-Lorenz, P. (2009). The adaptive brain: Aging and neurocognitive scaffolding. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 173-196. Salthouse, T. A. (2019). Trajectories of normal cognitive aging. Psychology and Aging, 34(1), 17-24. 2. Strategies to Mitigate Effects of Cognitive Decline Hertzog, C., Kramer, A. F., Wilson, R. S., & Lindenberger, U. (2008). Enrichment effects on adult cognitive development: Can the functional capacity of older adults be preserved and enhanced? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 9(1), 1-65. Ball, K., Berch, D. B., Helmers, K. F., Jobe, J. B., Leveck, M. D., Marsiske, M., … & Willis, S. L. (2002). Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 288(18), 2271-2281. 3. Benefits of Lifelong Learning Schaie, K. W. (2005). Developmental Influences on Adult Intelligence: The Seattle Longitudinal Study. Oxford University Press. Field, J. (2009). Good for your soul? Adult learning and mental well-being. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 28(2), 175-191. Andragogy and Institutional Effectiveness 4. Theoretical Frameworks Underpinning Andragogy Knowles, M. S., Holton, E. F., & Swanson, R. A. (2014). The Adult Learner: The definitive classic in adult education and human resource development. Routledge. Merriam, S. B. (2001). Andragogy and self-directed learning: Pillars of adult learning theory. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2001(89), 3-14. 5. Case Studies of Successful Andragogical Practices Brookfield, S. D. (2003). Racializing the discourse of adult education. Harvard Educational Review, 73(4), 497-523. Courtenay, B. C., & Stevenson, R. J. (1983). An examination of the functions of adult education in the community: A case study of adults in rural South Carolina. Adult Education Quarterly, 34(1), 40-49. 6. Role of Institutional Support in Andragogical Implementation Boshier, R. (2006). Widening participation–Concepts and realities: The case of University of British Columbia’s Centre for Continuing Education. Studies in the Education of Adults, 38(1), 110-124. Talmage, C. A., & Knopf, R. C. (2017). Engaging lifelong learners through college programs: Experience from the field. Adult Learning, 28(2), 60-66. Malcolm Knowles’ Principles of Andragogy 7. Historical Development of Knowles’ Theories Knowles, M. S. (1980). The Modern Practice of Adult Education: From Pedagogy to Andragogy. Cambridge Adult Education. Smith, M. K. (2002). Malcolm Knowles, informal adult education, self-direction and andragogy. The Encyclopedia of Informal Education. 8. Comparison of Andragogy and Traditional Pedagogy Henschke, J. A. (2011). Considerations regarding the future of andragogy. Adult Learning, 22(1), 34-37. Taylor, B., & Kroth, M. (2009). A single conversation with a wise man is better than ten years of study: A model for testing methodologies for pedagogy or andragogy. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 9(2), 42-56. 9. Practical Applications in Adult Education Merriam, S. B., Caffarella, R. S., & Baumgartner, L. M. (2007). Learning in Adulthood: A comprehensive guide. John Wiley & Sons. Mezirow, J. (1997). Transformative learning: Theory to practice. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 1997(74), 5-12. Institutional Analysis of Weber State University’s Dance 1010 10. Course Design and Andragogical Principles Fink, L. D. (2003). Creating Significant Learning Experiences: An integrated approach to designing college courses. Jossey-Bass. Biggs, J., & Tang, C. (2011). Teaching for Quality Learning at University. McGraw-Hill Education. 11. Student Feedback and Performance Metrics Marsh, H. W. (2007). Students’ evaluations of university teaching: Dimensionality, reliability, validity, potential biases and usefulness. In The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education: An evidence-based perspective (pp. 319-383). Springer, Dordrecht. Lizzio, A., Wilson, K., & Simons, R. (2002). University students’ perceptions of the learning environment and academic outcomes: Implications for theory and practice. Studies in Higher Education, 27(1), 27-52. 12. Innovations and Challenges in Online Dance Education Boettcher, J. V., & Conrad, R. M. (2016). The Online Teaching Survival Guide: Simple and practical pedagogical tips. John Wiley & Sons. Palloff, R. M., & Pratt, K. (2007). Building Online Learning Communities: Effective strategies for the virtual classroom. John Wiley & Sons. Pedagogical vs. Andragogical Practices in Specialty Areas 13. Differences Between Pedagogical and Andragogical Approaches Henschke, J. A. (1998). Historical antecedents shaping conceptions of andragogy: A comparison of sources and roots. PAACE Journal of Lifelong Learning, 7, 45-53. Pratt, D. D. (1993). Andragogy after twenty-five years. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 1993(57), 15-23. 14. Effectiveness in Arts and Humanities Education Taylor, E. W. (2008). Transformative learning theory. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2008(119), 5-15. Eisner, E. W. (2002). The Arts and the Creation of Mind. Yale University Press. 15. Integrating Experiential Learning and Reflective Practices Kolb, D. A. (2014). Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. FT Press. Schön, D. A. (1983). The Reflective Practitioner: How professionals think in action. Basic Books. Connection to Structural Learning Theory 16. Overview of Structural Learning Theory Scandura, J. M. (1973). Structural Learning I: Theory and research. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers. Pappas, C. (2023). Explaining The Structural Learning Theory: Concepts, Principles, And Applications. ELearning Industry. 17. Case Studies and Applications Anderson, J. R., & Fincham, J. M. (1994). Acquisition of procedural skills from examples. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20(6), 1322. VanLehn, K. (1996). Cognitive skill acquisition. Annual Review of Psychology, 47(1), 513-539. 18. Analysis Through the Lens of Structural Learning Theory Scandura, J. M. (1977). The role of rules in behavior: Toward an operational definition of what (rule) is learned. Psychological Review, 84(2), 183. Sweller, J., Ayres, P., & Kalyuga, S. (2011). Cognitive Load Theory. Springer Science & Business Media.

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